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No. 82,023, PATBNTED SEN-8, 1868.

C. D. PAGE.

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CLARK D. PAGE, OIF ROCHESTER, NEW, YORK.

Letters Patent No. 82,023, dated September 8, 1868.

IMPROVED LIME-KILN.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, CLARK D PAGE,`of Rochester, inthe county of Monroe,and State of New York, have. invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Lime-Kilns; and I do hereby declare that the following isa full and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

Figure 1 is an elevation.V

Figure 2, a plan.

Figure 3, a central vertical section.

Figure 4, a cross-section in plane of line :c fig. 3.

-Like letters of reference indicate .corresponding parts in all thefigures.. i

This invention relates to the employment of stay-pieces to brace thekiln, with air-dues to keep them from burning; to the-employment otshielded poke-holes at the top of th'ekln for shaking down the stove,and the construction and arrangement ofo the furnace and grate-bars, allas hereinafter described. l

In the drawings, A indicates the kiln, constructed of stone, as usual.In the sides are built strips a a a a, of plank, overlapping each otherat the corners, as shown, and suitably secured together. Inside eachstripis made an air-flue, b, extending longitudinally the whole length,and openingout so as to allow a free passage of air froni end to end.

These strips serve as binders to the stack, to prevent rupture anddisplacement. Being made of wood, they yield, to adapt themselves to theexpansion and contraction of the stack under different temperatures,which would not be the case were they made of iron or otherinexiblematerial. The ues serve simply to secure a passage of cold airinside -the binders, which keeps them cool, and thus eifectuallyprevents either burning out or deadeningof the wood. This combination ofwooden binders with inside air-ilucs is necessary to secure elasticityand durability.

The hopper B is subjected to considerable strain, and is surrounded byheavy timber binders a a a.' a', similar to a a, except that as butlittle heat comes so high, the air-dues 'are not employed The hopper ismade of the usual 'aring form. Opposite the corners are made poke-holesc c c c, just backof the hopper, the wall d ofwhicli iuclines or shieldsthe holes so as to isolate or shut them oi from the hopper. 'These holesopen inward at the proper distance down, as indicated most clearly iniig. 3.

VThe great advantage of these poke-holes is, that they open downward, inthe direction of the cupola, so that the thrust will be longitudinal,thus always loosening and dislodging the rock; and, at the same timebeing shielded or cut oii' from the body of the hopper, there is noimpediment to the free action of the poker, as there would be if theholes were dispensed with and the poker simply run down in the hopperitself.V In silcli.case the impediment would be so great that thepokercould not easily reach that point where there is the greatest difficultyfrom clogging, and just the place where my poke-holes open into thehopper. These poke-holes also allow a free shaking motion of the pokerto loosen the rock. i

1 The ordinary lateral poke-liolesc c are also employed.

VI construct my furnace-arches with flaring sidesff, and with loosegrate-bars g g, which may be removed separately from ppl-acc. At thesides of the grate-bars arc made vertical side-passages l. h, for thefree entrance of air at the sides of the furnace, as well as up throughthe grates. These side-passagesvare of much importance, for the tendencyof the fire is to concentrate in the centre of the `furnace, vvhere thegreatest amount of fuel is, and-where the greatest amount of the aircomes. vThese passages admit 'a heavy body of all .i the "sides, andthus serve to equalize the burning, and produce a more perfectcombustion; These passages also `catch the air, and, in carryingit up ina series of equalizellcurrents the wholeextent of fthe furnace, retain1t from concentrating at on'ce in a body atthe inner or further end ofthe furnace, as wherethepwalls aresmooth and unbroken. These passages,by breaking the smoothness o-f the wall, and by -furnishing'air insidethegeneral surface, eifectually pre-vent clinkering.

The grate-bars stand in an inclined position, as shown infiig. 3.Their-inner ends rest in a iixefhbctchd bar, a', and do not quite touchthe inner wall'of 'the furnace, so that they are enabled to shake freelythere, and avoid burning ont by not resting o n a shoulder. Their outercentral portions rest on a xed bar, r, that extends through from side toside of the stack, and thus serves as a binder; and the extreme outerends rest on anotched bar, i', pivoted at 1,' so asto turn up or down,and held4 up by a pin, m, or equivalent, when in use. This bar is simplyfor retaining the grates from lateral displacement. 'i I When the barsare to be shaken, the hinged bar z'/ is lowered, as in red lines, g.|1,which leaves the grates resting intermediately on bar k, which serves asa fulcrum; and the leverage but slightly preponderating in onedirection, `they are easily shaken. The rbar k being smooth, and theinner ends of the gratos being free, as before described, allows afrealateral action, which is most eective in` removing clnkers. Theleverage also allows the grates tobe raised vertically, as in red lines,iig. 3. These advantages are too apparent to require furtherdescription. l

y In the bottom of the ash-pits are situated panspp, forl holding water`These pits have an outward incline from-the grate downward, as shown atq, and their bottom is sunk at some distance below the level of theouter entrance or door, as shown at r.- This construction` holds thewater and ashes at such a depth as not to b eaifectedby the incomingdraught, and at the same timefthe incline q carries the air up in'anunbroken body #t3 the inner lend o f the furnace, bathing the wholeinner ends of the grates, so that they cannot easily burn out. I The topof the cupola proper is made somewhat flaring upward, as shown vats;Aand above this the hopper B is made withI a-st'ill greateroutwarduangle, as shown at t. These two angles f 'orm an `enlarged mouthat the top of the cupola, in which the raw stone is placed preparatory,to' goingv'downintothe'kiln. This stone becomes gradually heated, andattains its maximum of expansion before it enters the narrow passage.This expansion,

from Athelarhg ,shape of the mouth, acts outwardly and upwardly,withoutin, any degree 'straining"up ,on theA walls. I thus obviate agreat diiculty experienced in ordinary kilns,'from the .swelling ofthestonel inside. This enlarged form of the mouth also facilitates theentrance of the stone. i

What I claim as m'y invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,lis 1. The combination and arrangement, with 'the grate-bars g'g, of thecross-bars k'z', the rst being fixed, and forming a fulcrum for theleverage 'of the grate-bars in shaking, and the latter beinghinged, soas to turn up and down to secure the grates, or allow them to be shaken,as herein set forth.

2. The lues b, constructed as described, next to the inner edge of thewooden binders a of the kiln, to operate inthe manner and for thepurpose substantially as described.. f Y

In witness whereof, I have, hereunto signed my name in the presence oftwo' subscribing witnesses.

v 'i C. D. PAGE.

Witnesses:

R. P..,OSG}00D, t W. J. CREELMAN.

